Library · Materials, chemistry & fabrication
What Cross-Coupling & C-H Functionalization got wrong, from 50 theses
Summary written by a model from the records below: Cross-coupling and C-H functionalization methods encounter frequent setbacks stemming from steric hindrance, functional group intolerance, and competing side reactions like homocoupling. In many cases, these challenges lead to poor yields and selectivity, prompting researchers to optimize catalysts or replace the coupling strategy altogether. These records come from graduate theses, 2021 to 2025, each labeled with its degree where the repository states it, and each links to its thesis. They were extracted by language models reading the full text, so treat each as a lead to read, not a verdict.
Plus 9 problems the authors left open, listed at the end.
Failure modes, by theses reporting them
Select a mode to jump to its records.
Functional group incompatibility and catalyst poisoning cause substrate decomposition or stalled reactions
Substrates bearing fragile bonds or sensitive moieties suffer decomposition such as protodeboronation, detriflation, or catalyst insertion into weak nitrogen-oxygen linkages. Dense coordination from heteroatoms in complex molecules poisons catalytic cycles, while electronically deactivated or base-sensitive partners fail to undergo productive cross-coupling.
Tried and failed
transition metal catalyzed transfer hydrogenative coupling applied to unactivated aliphatic alcohols. Outcome: did not generalise. Reason: conditions optimized for activated benzylic systems gave poor reactivity on less activated aliphatic substrates
Tried and failed
photoredox-catalyzed cross-coupling with aryl boronic acids applied to redox-active esters. Reason: failed to yield the desired cross-coupled arylation products
Investigation of oxetane reactive intermediates for the synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted oxetanes · Imperial · PhD
Tried and failed
transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl bromides applied to triflated tyrosine derivatives. Reason: reaction failed to yield the desired biaryl coupling precursor
Towards The Development Of Intrinsically Fluorescent Unnatural Amino Acids For In Vivo Incorporation Into Proteins · Penn · PhD
Tried and failed
reductive cross-coupling with unprotected boronic acids applied to heteroarylboronic acid cross-coupling. Outcome: unstable. Reason: unprotected substrate underwent protodeboronation under reductive reaction conditions, degrading coupling efficiency
Organophosphorus-Catalyzed Reductive Functionalization of Nitrocompounds via P(III)/P(V) Redox Couple · MIT · PhD
Tried and failed
Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling applied to heteroaromatic halides with electron-deficient or phenolic boronic esters. Reason: Phenol boronic esters caused decomposition via phenoxy anions, while bis-trifluoromethylated boronic esters were too electron-poor to react.
EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF XYLOPYRINDE FLUORESCENT TOOLS FOR SPATIOTEMPORAL IMAGING · Penn · PhD
Tried and failed
slow reagent addition with mild base applied to base-sensitive heteroaryl cross-coupling substrates. Outcome: did not generalise. Reason: electrophilic methyl esters and 3-H isoxazoles still underwent base-induced decomposition
Development of Deactivation-Resistant Catalysts for Pd-Catalyzed C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions · MIT · PhD
Tried and failed
photoredox decarboxylative coupling with diverse nucleophiles applied to cyclopropenyl ester functionalization. Outcome: did not generalise. Reason: weak, heteroatomic, or electronically unactivated nucleophiles failed to couple with generated carbocation intermediates
Tried and failed
catalytic cross-coupling using standard precatalyst systems applied to complex pharmaceutical core diversification. Reason: catalytic cycle stalled or poisoned by dense heteroatom coordination and functional groups in complex drugs
Tried and failed
Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling applied to substrates containing N-O bonds. Reason: Palladium catalyst inserted into the weak N-O bond rather than the aryl-halide bond
Chain Scissionable Resists Based on Poly(acetal) Motif for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography · Cornell · PhD
Tried and failed
Buchwald-Hartwig amination with aniline applied to brominated aryl triflate substrates. Reason: Starting material was recovered or underwent detriflation instead of cross-coupling under palladium catalysis
Total syntheses of (±)-melicolones A and B, design, synthesis and evaluation of novel carbazole based photocages · UT Austin · PhD
Tried and failed
visible-light photoredox and copper dual catalysis applied to intermolecular oxidative alkene amination. Outcome: no signal. Reason: Standard photoredox catalysts and copper triflate failed to promote radical generation or coupling
Suboptimal choice of ligands, precatalysts, bases, or additives leads to diminished coupling yields
Catalytic efficiency drops substantially when using older precatalyst generations, unoptimized phosphine ligands, or less reactive organoboron partners. Similarly, choosing unsuitable bases, alternative oxidants, or inhibitory additives impairs active catalytic intermediates and lowers cross-coupling yields compared to optimized baselines.
Lost to a baseline
In the optimization of the C-O coupling of 4-methoxyphenol with 2-chloro-3-methylpyridine to form 3-4c, using NaOtBu instead of BTPP/NaTFA afforded only 37% yield compared to 92% with the dual-base system.
Ligand-enabled advances in Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling · Dalhousie · PhD
Lost to a baseline
Alternative chemical oxidants (TBHP, ammonium persulfate, iodosobenzene, H2O2) produced lower yields than molecular oxygen for vanadium-catalyzed phenol coupling.
Selective Oxidative Methods For Dehydrogenative Coupling And Hydrogen Peroxide Generation · Penn · PhD
Lost to a baseline
For model coupling at room temperature, [Pd(cinnamyl)Cl]2/L6 gave lower yield (47%) than OA6 (90%) for ortho-substituted bromoarenes with primary amines.
Development of Deactivation-Resistant Catalysts for Pd-Catalyzed C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions · MIT · PhD
Lost to a baseline
Buchwald biaryl phosphine ligands (t-BuXPhos, BippyPhos, etc.) provided only ~5% yield in sulfinamide coupling compared to 35% with P(t-Bu)2Me*HBF4.
Palladium-catalysed desulfinative cross-coupling reactions: Leveraging mechanistic insights for reaction optimisation · Oxford · PhD
Lost to a baseline
4CzIPN showed lower yield in NHC/photoredox dual-catalyzed cross-coupling of alkyl trifluoroborates and acid fluorides compared to Ir catalyst.
Lost to a baseline
SPhos with K3PO4/[(MeCN)2PdCl2] achieves 90% yield in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling vs 16% under the thesis's NaOMe/toluene conditions.
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Phosphazenyl Phosphines Synthese, Charakterisierung und Anwendung von Phosphazenylphosphinen · University of Marburg · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected NH4OH as general base over NEt3 for Suzuki couplings due to strong substrate dependency and complete failure on certain substrates (2e, 2h, 3a, 3d)
Transition-metal compounds of (poly)-azoles Transition-metal compounds of (poly)azoles Übergangsmetallverbindungen mit (Poly)Azolen · TU Wien · PhD
Tried and failed
adding phosphine ligands or radical initiators applied to copper-mediated Ullmann-type cross-coupling. Outcome: worse than baseline. Reason: additives inhibited the formation of the active organocopper intermediate
Towards the synthesis of multinuclear, branched and cyclic metallocene-containing complexes · Imperial · PhD
Tried and failed
lower-generation Buchwald-Hartwig precatalysts applied to cross-coupling polymerization of microporous polymers. Outcome: too slow. Reason: catalysts exhibited lower efficiency and excessive reaction times compared to fourth-generation variants
Polymer Membranes for the Separation of Complex Natural Hydrocarbon Feeds · Georgia Tech · PhD
Planned cross-coupling pathways are abandoned for alternative synthetic strategies due to poor performance
Synthetic routes relying on cross-coupling were abandoned when precursor synthesis proved difficult or protecting groups could not be selectively removed. Investigators pivoted to nucleophilic aromatic substitution, direct arylation, or classical organometallic additions to avoid low yields, messy cyclizations, and organotin toxicity.
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected NHTK (Nozaki-Hiyama-Takai-Kishi) reaction for C6-C7 coupling due to low/moderate yields on complex substrates.
Neue Entwicklungen in der Organobor-Chemie: mono-Zweifel-Olefinierung, Spartein-freie Chemie der Lithiierung/Borylierung und die Totalsynthese von Chondrochloren A · Leibniz Universität Hannover · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Alternative C-C coupling routes utilizing 4,7-dibromobenzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole or benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-4,7-diyldiboronic acid with mono-arylated naphthalene partners were rejected due to lower precursor preparation yields and lack of synthetic divergence.
Multi-layer 3D chirality: Design, synthesis and applications · Texas Tech · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Reductive Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling for cyanotryptophans was abandoned in favor of the Negishi coupling route due to poor reliability.
Further Exploring the Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) of MMV008138 and MMV1803522 · Virginia Tech · Doctorate
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Direct coupling of 2,3-diamino-1,4-phenylene diboronic acid or N,N-diacetyl derivatives with 1,8-dibromonaphthalene was rejected due to repeated failures, pivoting to benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyldiboronic acid.
Multi-layer 3D chirality: Design, synthesis and applications · Texas Tech · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Stille cross-coupling for P(E-NDI-T) rejected after monomer bromination failed, switching to direct arylation polymerization (DAP)
Design and Synthesis of Molecularly Encapsulated Conjugated Materials for Organic Electronics. · Cambridge · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Buchwald-Hartwig coupling for pyrimidine bioisostere 80 was rejected in favor of acid-catalyzed SNAr
Targeting the Ras superfamily via their regulatory GEF complexes · Oxford · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected Cadogen, Täuber, and Ullmann/Buchwald-Hartwig coupling routes to 2,7-diazacarbazole due to low yields and messy cyclizations.
Guanidinium Compounds: Synthesis, Oxoanion Binding, and Cellular Delivery · MIT · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected transition-metal-mediated cross-coupling polymerizations (Stille, Suzuki-Miyaura, Kumada) due to the requirement of electron-rich co-monomers, toxicity of organostannanes, and tedious palladium catalyst purification.
Synthesis of lactone-based conjugated polymers for recently emerging n-type organic thermoelectrics and electrochemical transistors · Oxford · PhD
Steric congestion prevents coupling or limits bifunctional substrates to mono-substitution
Severe steric hindrance around crowded aromatic or aliphatic reaction centers impedes oxidative addition, transmetallation, and radical generation. In bifunctional aromatic substrates, steric congestion halts cross-coupling after a single substitution, precluding disubstitution or preventing polymer chain growth.
Tried and failed
cross-coupling via isolated oxidative addition complexes applied to late-stage amination of sterically hindered amines. Outcome: no signal. Reason: steric hindrance of the secondary amine prevented transmetallation or reductive elimination
Tried and failed
copper-mediated cross-coupling for disubstitution applied to ortho-carborane core functionalisation. Reason: Steric hindrance prevented second substitution, yielding only mono-substituted product
Carborane-containing materials and dopants for organic electronics · Imperial · PhD
Tried and failed
metallaphotoredox cross-electrophile coupling applied to hindered alpha-haloalkylboronates with alkyl bromides. Reason: sterically hindered secondary and tertiary radical precursors failed to couple efficiently under standard photoredox conditions
Developing Electroreductive Methodologies via a Radical-Polar Crossover Pathway · Cornell · PhD
Tried and failed
thermal condensation of diacids with boronic acids applied to ortho-disubstituted arylboronic acids. Reason: severe steric hindrance prevented coupling under thermal or microwave heating
Exploring novel strategies for C-H functionalisation of aryl boronates and asymmetric synthesis of functionalised azetidines · Imperial · PhD
Tried and failed
reductant-mediated thermal nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling applied to hindered secondary alcohol etherification. Outcome: did not generalise. Reason: steric hindrance of bulky secondary alcohols prevented productive coupling under thermal conditions
Mechanisms and Methods in Redox and Redox-Mediated Reactions Involving Open-Shell Intermediates · Harvard · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected cross-coupling methods (e.g. Suzuki coupling) for the synthesis of substituted BINOL libraries due to steric hindrance.
New cation-mediated enantioselective transformations and catalytic enantioselective photocyclization · Oxford · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected Ullmann-type coupling for synthesizing 1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)-o-carborane after confirming steric limitations prevented di-substitution, switching to a Kumada-type Ni(II)-catalysed cross-coupling
Carborane-containing materials and dopants for organic electronics · Imperial · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected continuing with Troc-protected aniline 1e coupling due to severe steric hindrance preventing azo coupling.
A Green Light at the Intersection of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Drug Delivery · Virginia Tech · Doctorate
Tried and failed
BrettPhos-mediated Buchwald-Hartwig amination polymerization applied to polyarylamine synthesis from diamines and dibromides. Reason: selective monoarylation prevented secondary amine coupling needed for high degree of polymerization
MICROPOROUS SPIROCYCLIC POLYMERS FOR MEMBRANE SEPARATIONS OF CRUDE OIL MIXTURES · Georgia Tech · PhD
Competing homocoupling and unintended side reactions outpace cross-coupling
Organometallic precursors and radical intermediates frequently undergo self-coupling, dimerization, or decarboxylation rather than productive cross-coupling. In addition, basic or nucleophilic coupling partners participate in rapid intramolecular cyclization or conjugate addition pathways that suppress intermolecular coupling.
Tried and failed
Pd-catalyzed Stille cross-coupling applied to heteroaryl ester cross-coupling with dibromoaryls. Reason: dominant homocoupling of the heteroaryl stannane precursor led to low product yields
Dancing with Light: Discrete Pi-Conjugated Chromophores for Solar Fuel Cell and Electrochromic Applications · Georgia Tech · PhD
Tried and failed
olefin cross-metathesis with Hoveyda-Grubbs second-generation catalyst applied to coupling complex sterically hindered terminal olefins. Reason: yielded exclusive homodimerization of one coupling partner instead of productive cross-coupling
Total synthesis of the acetyl CoA carboxylase allosteric inhibitor soraphen A and the development of new catalytic methods using palladium, iridium and rhodium · UT Austin · PhD
Lost to a baseline
Decarboxylative cross-coupling of dipeptide 96 with peptide-EBX 93b gave low yield of 97b due to competing decarboxylation of 96.
Lost to a baseline
Cobalt-mediated reductive homocoupling of 2.15 and 2.16 gave only 26% yield of heterodimer 2.17 (statistical mixture), whereas diazene photolysis gave 66% selective coupling.
Tried and failed
three-component copper-catalyzed multicomponent carboamination applied to electron-deficient alkenes with alpha-halo carbonyls. Outcome: did not generalise. Reason: side reactions dominated, yielding primarily Ullmann coupling or polymerization products
Development of transition metal-catalyzed olefin difunctionalizations · UT Austin · PhD
Tried and failed
Copper-catalyzed radical alkene carboamination applied to electron-deficient alkenes with aliphatic amines. Reason: Basic alkyl amines predominantly underwent competitive aza-Michael addition and Ullmann coupling side reactions
Development of transition metal-catalyzed olefin difunctionalizations · UT Austin · PhD
Tried and failed
intermolecular copper-catalysed cross-coupling applied to ortho-halo substituted amides. Reason: intramolecular cyclisation competed and completely outpaced the desired intermolecular amination
Exploring copper-catalysed Ullmann cross coupling reactions · Imperial · Doctorate
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected asymmetric ethyl N-diphenylmethylene glycine as a cross-coupling substrate because it predominantly underwent Cu-catalysed homocoupling instead
Catalytic and mechanistic studies towards understanding copper-catalysed C-C cross-coupling · Imperial · PhD
Flawed synthetic sequencing and over-coupling complicate multi-step transformations
Polyfunctional and alkynyl substrates often suffer from over-coupling that produces inseparable mixtures, or fail to achieve complete multiple cross-couplings. Coupling at inappropriate stages in a synthetic sequence causes side reactions on sensitive bonds, requiring reordering of steps or isolation of discrete intermediates.
Tried and failed
Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of halothiophenes with alcohol substituents applied to (2-bromothiophen-3-yl)methanol. Reason: Direct coupling gave less than 2% conversion across catalysts and bases, requiring an aldehyde intermediate
Thiocarbonyl Platform for Degradable Radical Polymers · Georgia Tech · PhD
Tried and failed
double Suzuki cross-coupling on fused aromatic precursors applied to asymmetric fused-ring heteroaromatic core synthesis. Reason: failed to yield desired coupled product or gave only trace amounts
Synthesis of novel indacenodithiophene derivatives and their application in organic solar cells · Imperial · PhD
Lost to a baseline
Two-step sequential cross-coupling of nonaflate 102b yielded 74% vs. 84% for the direct one-pot Rh/Pd tandem protocol.
Entwicklung Zirconocen-basierter Methoden zur C,C-Bindungsknüpfung und deren Anwendung in der Totalsynthese von (+)-Guignardon A Development of zirconocene-based methods for C,C-bond formation and their application in the total synthesis of (+)-guignardon A · University of Marburg · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected synthesis route using bis-acetylene BINOL 27(S) due to over-coupling and inseparable chromatographic mixtures; adopted diiodo-BINOL 26(S) with ethynyl-functionalized partners instead.
Synthesis of Chiral Donor-Acceptor Dyes to Study Charge Transfer Dynamics in a Chiral Environment · Tübingen · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Late-stage synthesis of benzothiophene amide [147] was abandoned in favor of performing aminolysis prior to Sonogashira cross-coupling due to poor yields and side reactions on the alkyne bond.
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected reversal Suzuki coupling using Bpin-substituted dialdehydes because overall yields did not improve enough over tetrayne boronic ester route.
Preparation, Properties, and Future Directions of Novel Zig-zag Edged Nanographenes · University of Nevada, Reno · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected one-pot Suzuki-Miyaura borylation followed by Suzuki coupling for the FFAR1 tracer (16% yield) in favor of Suzuki coupling using commercial boronic acid (84% yield).
Synthese allosterischer Modulatoren für G-Protein-gekoppelte-Rezeptoren · University of Marburg · PhD
Poor regio- or stereochemical control produces isomeric mixtures and coupling defects
Reactions on substrates with multiple potential reaction sites frequently lack C-H selectivity, generating structural defects and poor regioselectivity. Cross-coupling protocols also suffer from diminished diastereoselectivity or require specialized activating groups to direct coupling away from unproductive isomers.
Lost to a baseline
Direct coupling of tyrosine without activating tert-butyl group achieved only 10% yield compared to 90% yield with ortho-tert-butyl activation
Lost to a baseline
NHTK coupling with tBuLi or CrCl2/NiCl2 gave poor selectivity (dr = 1 : 1.1) compared to lithiation-borylation chemistry (dr > 19 : 1).
Studies towards the total syntheses of Antroalbocin A, Berkeleyone A, Pentacaronic Acid, and Penisarin B · Leibniz Universität Hannover · PhD
Lost to a baseline
Continuous flow bedaquiline coupling achieved lower diastereoselectivity (1.4:1.0 d.r., 42-44% AY) compared to the optimized batch protocol (2.5:1.0 d.r., up to 60% AY).
Stereoselective and Economical Methods for Chemical Synthesis of Essential Medicines · MIT · PhD
Considered and rejected
Considered and rejected: Rejected direct arylation for indenofluorene (IDF) core due to lack of C-H selectivity causing beta/gamma coupling defects; used Suzuki-Miyaura instead.
Developing organic semiconducting materials for organic photovoltaics and photocatalytic water splitting applications · Imperial · PhD
Left open by the authors
Problems the authors named and did not get to.
Left open
Develop reaction conditions for Pd-catalyzed coupling of ortho,ortho-disubstituted aryl halides for atroposelective biaryl synthesis. Blocker: Requires synthetic organic chemistry wet laboratory to conduct reaction optimization and testing
Left open
Develop enantioselective rhodium-catalyzed reductive coupling reactions using cheap, benign terminal reductants. Blocker: Requires a synthetic chemistry wet lab, reagents, catalysts, and analytical equipment
Carbon-carbon bond formation via transition metal-catalyzed transfer hydrogenative carbonyl addition · UT Austin · PhD
Left open
Develop reductive cross-couplings for sterically hindered, less reactive aryl bromides and chlorides. Blocker: Requires a wet chemistry laboratory, synthetic reagents, and chemical analysis equipment.
Development of catalytic carbon-carbon bond forming reactions by leveraging the iodide effect · UT Austin · PhD
Left open
Develop atroposelective reductive biaryl cross-couplings between sterically hindered substrates using ruthenium catalysis. Blocker: Requires a synthetic chemistry wet lab, reagents, catalysts, and physical analytical equipment (e.g., HPLC, NMR).
Development of catalytic carbon-carbon bond forming reactions by leveraging the iodide effect · UT Austin · PhD
Left open
Develop reductive cross-couplings of sp2-sp3 partners using non-metallic reductants. Blocker: Requires wet lab synthetic organic chemistry experiments and specialized reagents
Left open
Optimize base-metal catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura and Chan-Evans-Lam cross-coupling reaction conditions to eliminate homo-coupling byproducts. Blocker: Requires a wet chemistry laboratory, synthetic reagents, and analytical equipment to run and optimize chemical reaction conditions.
Applications of Catalysis in Hydroboration and Hydrosilylation of Unsaturated Organic Molecules · Texas Tech · PhD
Left open
Explore new catalytic cross-coupling pathways using dinickel-mediated oxidative addition while accounting for NHC 2-arylation. Blocker: Requires a wet-lab synthetic chemistry setup to synthesize nickel complexes and test catalytic reaction pathways.
Synthesis and analysis of low-valent NHC supported nickel complexes · Georgia Tech · PhD
Left open
Develop catalytic enantioselective couplings of methanol and ethanol for transferring alkyl and aryl groups without stoichiometric byproducts. Blocker: Requires a wet chemistry laboratory, synthetic reagents, and analytical equipment.
Commodity chemicals in enantioselective iridium-catalyzed carbonyl allylation · UT Austin · PhD
Left open
Evaluate CuTc-mediated Ullmann-like coupling reactions using the bio-based solvent cyrene. Blocker: Requires a wet chemistry laboratory, specialized organometallic reagents, and physical reaction testing
Towards the synthesis of multinuclear, branched and cyclic metallocene-containing complexes · Imperial · PhD
Who has worked on this
Authors of the public theses cited on this page, most-cited first.
- Xingyu Liu · EPFL · PhD · 2024
Integration of Hypervalent Iodine Reagents and Carbazolyl Cyanobenzenes-Based Dyes into Peptides: New Opportunities for Biomolecule Functionalization - Elaine C. Reichert · MIT · PhD · 2023
Development of Deactivation-Resistant Catalysts for Pd-Catalyzed C–N Cross-Coupling Reactions - John Filip Aniés · Imperial · PhD · 2023
Carborane-containing materials and dopants for organic electronics - Stephanie Ann Sheppard · Imperial · PhD · 2021
Towards the synthesis of multinuclear, branched and cyclic metallocene-containing complexes - Ryan P. King · MIT · PhD · 2021
Design of New, More Stable, Precursors to Organopalladium(II) Complexes and Methods for the Palladium-Mediated Late-Stage Diversification of Pharmaceuticals - Yangxue Liu · Texas Tech · PhD · 2021
Multi-layer 3D chirality: Design, synthesis and applications - Aditya Sahay · Imperial · PhD · 2025
Exploring novel strategies for C-H functionalisation of aryl boronates and asymmetric synthesis of functionalised azetidines - Vladyslav Smyrnov · EPFL · PhD · 2025
Development of synthetic methods starting from cyclopropenes: taming cyclopropyl radical, cyclopropyl and cyclopropenium cations - Erik Niklas Wilhelmi · University of Marburg · PhD · 2025
Synthese allosterischer Modulatoren für G-Protein-gekoppelte-Rezeptoren - Björn Siekmeyer · Leibniz Universität Hannover · PhD · 2025
Studies towards the total syntheses of Antroalbocin A, Berkeleyone A, Pentacaronic Acid, and Penisarin B - Walker Knauss · MIT · PhD · 2024
Total Synthesis of Verticillin A and Application of Diazene-Directed Fragment Assembly to the Synthesis of Heterodimeric Epidithiodiketopiperazine Derivatives - Christopher Johnny · Penn · PhD · 2024
EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF XYLOPYRINDE FLUORESCENT TOOLS FOR SPATIOTEMPORAL IMAGING
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